Slide presentation on Varieties of Consciousness. Talk 9 here: http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~axs/misc/talks/#talk9 The slides are available in This table of contents may be slightly out of date. The presentations are in postscript and PDF. Last updated: 11 Nov 2001 ======================== CONTENTS of presentation ======================== 1: Oxford Consciousness Society Wed 24th October 2001 Birmingham CS/AI Seminar Thurs 8th Oct 2001 2: Some questions: Let's have a vote! 3: Advertisement 4: The Parable of the Blind Men and the Elephant John Godfrey Saxe (1816-1887) http://www.wvu.edu/"lawfac/jelkins/lp-2001/saxe.html (Several pages) 5: SUGGESTION 6: Blind men describing consciousness 7: ...continued 8: ...continued 9: Exercise for students: Find examples in philosophical and scientific literature of authors making those statements. 10: We need to find a way to step outside the narrow debating arenas to get a bigger picture. 11: Revising the parable 12: Partial diagnosis (1) 13: Partial diagnosis (2) 14: Partial diagnosis (3) 15: Partial diagnosis(4) 16: Partial diagnosis (5) 17: Partial diagnosis (6) 18: Summary diagnosis 19: A golden rule for studying consciousness: 20: Instead of gazing at our internal navels 21: And more importantly 22: Of course we can use introspection 23: How can you see eyes as happy or sad? 24: Another example 25: Necker Cube and Duck-rabbit 26: Is this seeing, or only inferring? 27: Seeing mental states 28: So the experience of seeing has hidden richness. 29: E.g. how exactly do you experience an empty space? 30: So introspective analysis of experience can be useful 31: Beyond introspection 32: So let's start again 33: So let's start again... continued 34: Virtual vs physical machines 35: How to think about non-physical levels in reality 36: Evolution of information processing virtual machines 37: Organisms process information 38: Acting or selecting requires information 39: Resist the urge to ask for a definition of #information# 40: Things you can do with information 41: What an organism or machine can do with information depends on its architecture 42: An architecture includes 43: There's No Unique Correct Architecture 44: Intentionality and semantics 45: We need a better view of the space of possibilities 46: A simple (insect-like) architecture 47: Features of reactive organisms 48: #Consciousness# in reactive organisms 49: Give REACTIVE DEMO 50: Sometimes the ability to plan is useful 51: Give DELIBERATIVE DEMO 52: Deliberative mechanisms 53: Evolutionary pressures on perceptual and action mechanisms for deliberative agents 54: Multi-window perception and action 55: The pressure towards self-knowledge, self-evaluation and self-control 56: Later, meta-management (reflection) evolved 57: Further steps to a human-like architecture 58: More layers of abstraction in perception and action, and global alarm mechanisms 59: Some Implications 60: Implications continued .... 61: How to explain qualia 62: Table qualia 63: A new kind of explanation? 64: Multiple elephants 65: Families of architecture-based mental concepts 66: New questions supplant old ones 67: Biological changes are mostly discontinuous 68: Mechanisms need an architecture 69: Evolution, the great philosopher/designer 70: Towards an architecture schema 71: Superimposing the divisions: The COGAFF Schema 72: COGAFF extended -- with ``alarm mechanisms'' 73: Cogaff is a schema not an architecture: a sort of `grammar' for architectures 74: CogAff and consciousness 75: Characterising the layers 76: Architectural change in an individual 77: An example sub-category: Omega architectures 78: Another sub-category: Subsumption architectures (R.Brooks) 79: SUMMARY 80: Different sorts of functionalism 81: A complex, long term research programme 82: Is something missing? 83: Robots with qualia 84: Solution/Dissolution to philosophical puzzles about consciousness 85: It is important to distinguish two questions 86: Is something left out? 87: The causation problem: Epiphenomenalism 88: Falsifiability? Irrelevant. 89: This talk presented only a subset of the concepts and theories we have been developing 90: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS