WARNING THIS VERSION DOES NOT WORK WITH LINUX KERNELS 5.8
(ON ACCOUNT OF NEW SECURITY MECHANISMS IN THE KERNEL)
(THERE IS ALSO A LESS SERIOUS PROBLEM WITH 5.7)
Combined effors of several members of the pop-forum list have produced a diagnosis and a fix, enabling poplog to run. However, the fix has not yet been included in the standard download/install system. For temporary instructions see the warning below.

Please report errors, omissions, duplications and other infelicities to the pop-forum email list (see above).
List of linux systems on which this has been tested so far.

# DRAFT ** WORK IN PROGRESS ** DRAFT
NOTE added: 14 Mar 2023 The list below is likely to be out of date. Join the pop-forum list if you have questions.
Core content for 64-bit Poplog (Poplog V16) was provided on Github by
   Waldek Hebisch (Mathematical Institute, University of Wroclaw, Poland)
   http://www.math.uni.wroc.pl/~hebisch
   https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/V16/hebisch-on-poplog.html
   https://github.com/hebisch/poplog
   Older information about his Poplog related information is at:
   http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/freepoplog.html#hebisch

V16 is packaged for easy download and installation, including additional documentation, teaching and application packages,
   by Aaron Sloman, School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham
   http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~axs
   (email: a.sloman[At]cs.bham.ac.uk)

Information about downloading and installing Poplog V16 is below.
Older Poplog related information is at:
   http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/freepoplog.html

This document is: http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/V16/AREADME.html
Including some information for curious experts -- that can be ignored by most users.
(Location and format may change later.)

BACKGROUND -- FOR FIRST TIME VIEWERS
A taste of the history of Poplog

Integral Solutions Ltd (ISL -- Managing Director Alan Montgomery) and Sussex University won this ICP award in 1992, for having achieved Poplog sales of five million dollars. It was associated with a UK Government SMART award.

More detailed, but partly out of date descriptions at the University of Birmingham:
    https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/freepoplog.html
    http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/poplog.info.html

Steven Leach, who had previously used Poplog while working as a software engineer
at GEC UK then HP research, and had also made significant contributions to Poplog,
gave an invited talk on Poplog at ECOOP in London in July 2019
ECOOP: POPLOG-a-pioneering-multi-language-multi-paradigm-development-toolkit
(The web site wrongly mentions Reims: It was in London!)

POP11/POP-11, the core language of Poplog, was used to implement the other languages
For more information on Pop-11, the core language of Poplog:
    Waldek Hebisch on Pop-11:
         http://www.math.uni.wroc.pl/~p-wyk4/pop11_en/
    The Pop-11 Primer (produced at Sussex and Birmingham Universities)
        https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/primer/

Hakan Kjellerstrand also has online information about Poplog, especially Pop-11, including tutorials.
See
      http://www.hakank.org/poplog/ (Includes Pop-11 examples.)
      "The Pop-11 programming language and Poplog environment"
      http://www.hakank.org/webblogg/archives/001320.html
      "Off topic: The Pop-11 programming language and Poplog environment"
      http://www.hakank.org/constraint_programming_blog/2009/08/off_topic_the_pop11_programmin_1.html

For a technical overview of Poplog's internals (mainly designed by John Gibson). See
  Robert Smith, Aaron Sloman, John Gibson,
  POPLOG's two-level virtual machine support for interactive languages,
  Research Directions in Cognitive Science Volume 5: Artificial Intelligence,
  Eds. D. Sleeman and N. Bernsen, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 203--231, 1992,
  http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/cogaff/81-95.html#65

There is a considerable amount of information about Poplog and Pop-11 included
in the Poplog package, including many Programming and AI tutorials.

Books on Pop-11
Ben du Boulay, at Sussex University has a list of books on Pop-11 (mostly aimed at
students learning AI) http://users.sussex.ac.uk/~bend/aiprog/outlinenode14.html
This is his list:

BARRETT, R., RAMSAY, A. AND SLOMAN, A. (1985) POP-11: A practical language for Artificial
Intelligence, Ellis Horwood and Wiley. (QE 1690 Pop). The first book ever written on
POP-11. It is especially useful on the more advanced features of the language, but is not
as systematic as Laventhol.

BURTON, M and SHADBOLT, N. (1987) POP-11 programming for Artificial Intelligence,
Addison-Wesley. (QE 1690 Pop). More of an introductory textbook in style, concerned to
teach AI rather than Pop-11. But some absolute beginners find it helpful.

COGNITIVE APPLICATIONS (1987) AlphaPop POP-11 Language Guide and Reference Manual,
Cognitive Applications Ltd. A very clear textbook and separate guide to the main functions
originally provided with the AlphaPop version of POP-11 for Macs.

GAZDAR, G. and MELLISH, C. (1989) Natural Language Processing in POP-11: an Introduction
to Computational Linguistics. Addison-Wesley. (P 98 Gaz). A textbook with extensive
natural language processing examples.

LAVENTHOL, J. (1987) Programming in POP-11, Blackwell. (QZ 1345 Pop). A textbook covering
POP-11 from scratch, with good suggestions regarding programming style. Some parts may be
difficult for beginners.

SHARPLES, M. et al. (1989) Computers and Thought, MIT Press. (QZ 1250 Com) An introductory
textbook on AI and cognitive science, based largely on POP-11. Also available at
http://www.informatics.sussex.ac.uk/local/books/computers-and-thought/index.html

RAMSAY, A. and BARRETT, R.(1987) Artificial Intelligence in practice: examples in POP-11
Ellis Horwood and John Wiley, 1987. This is a more advanced book on AI and Pop-11, and is
probably only of interest once you already know Pop-11 pretty well, and are quite skilled
in it.

THORNTON, C. and DU BOULAY, B. (1992) Artificial Intelligence Through Search, Intellect.
(QZ 1250 Tho). A textbook introduction basic AI through POP11 and through Prolog programs.
Also available at
http://www.informatics.sussex.ac.uk/local/books/ai-through-search/index.html

(END OF BACKGROUND)

Thanks to a massive effort by
    Waldek Hebisch (Mathematical Institute, University of Wroclaw, Poland)
    http://www.math.uni.wroc.pl/~hebisch
Poplog V16 is the first 'solid/complete' 64 bit Poplog for linux on PC hardware.
It can also be installed on shared linux servers based on AMD64/X86-64 processors.
(Installation instructions are below.)

In 2005 he had produced a 64 bit version of Poplog that some people found
useful, but there were some loose ends. It was announced here:
http://www.math.uni.wroc.pl/~hebisch/poplog/amd64-poplog.html
but is superseded by Poplog V16.

He also has a draft port of Poplog to 32-bit Arm available here:
    http://www.math.uni.wroc.pl/~hebisch/poplog/

BACKGROUND (not essential reading):
Commercially available Poplog sold by Sussex University and ISL
Between 1981 and the late 1990s Poplog (initially only Pop11, then Pop11+Prolog, with
Common Lisp, and ML added later) was produced mainly at Sussex and distributed and
supported by ISL. That included previously available implementations for 64
bit SPARC, Dec-Alpha, MIPS, IBM servers, HP workstations, Apollo servers, Sequent
Symmetry, and a few others, were produced by Sussex University in collaboration with ISL,
who marketed Poplog, supported customers and helped with development of Poplog for several
years. Unfortunately those machines, though powerful, were too expensive for individuals
to buy.

The low cost, low functionality, IBM PC, appeared in the early 1980s and was sold very widely
because of its low price and association with IBM. This lost Poplog many academic users
who could not afford to buy the better equipped machines required to run Poplog.

Later, PC hardware improved and the development of Linux on PCs led to the development of
Linux Poplog (running on 32 bit linux), which became available after ISL were were bought
by SPSS, and stopped selling poplog. Linux poplog helped to keep poplog alive, though only
in a small number of places. 64-bit Linux Poplog V16 is potentially usable for many more
applications.

There was also a Port of Pop-11 to Apple hardware, called Alphapop, sold by Cognitive
Applications Ltd.

THE LATEST VERSION OF POPLOG: POPLOG VERSION 16 (64 bit) 2019
32-bit linux Poplog re-implemented for 64-bit (AMD64 / X86-64) architectures.

The core of 64 bit Poplog is available for expert users on Github, here:
    https://github.com/hebisch/poplog
This document extends that version with extra documentation and code libraries at the
University of Birmingham Poplog site, to produce a "full" Poplog V16, with a simple to
use installation script, after installing the prerequisite linux libraries, listed in:
http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/V16/required-packages.html.
Also summarised below).

GETTING AND INSTALLING POPLOG V16
    The Birmingham version of Poplog V16 is based on the Hebisch implementation,
    packaged here for non-expert users to download and install, as explained below.

    It also includes additional demonstration and tutorial materials, and toolkits
    implemented in Poplog, including the Birmingham SimAgent Toolkit
    http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/packages/simagent.html
    and other packages previously available with 32 bit poplog, almost all of
    which can be used unchanged with V16. The exceptions are the vision and
    neural libraries by David Young, which need to be changed to use 64 bit
    versions of linux linear algebra packages (Blas and Lapack).

At present the installation is, by default, linked without access to motif
graphical libraries. If you wish to use motif (e.g. to run the Poplog_UI
interface toolkit, then you make sure motif is installed on your system (as
explained in the Prequisites section below and then after installing
Poplog relink it to access motif using the command given below,
(also printed out when the initial installation is complete).


Re-linking and rebuilding saved images should take at most a few seconds on a
modern machine.

Instructions follow for downloading and installing 64 bit Poplog and the linux
libraries that it requires.
(To be revised or extended later. Suggestions for improvement are welcome.)

SPACE REQUIRED FOR POPLOG
Depending on whether all or some of the Poplog system is installed, and which
additional linux libraries are required, the space required for a working Poplog
development environment on Linux may be somewhere between 100MB (after removal
of downloaded tar files) and 200MB (or more, e.g. depending on how many
different linux system libraries are added, and how many 'saved images' are
built, ready to run without compiling sources).

My current Poplog V16 directory tree (starting at poplog_base without the files
used to generate it) has size 105MB (shown by 'du -sh'). That doesn't include
the linux (in this case Fedora) libraries installed earlier to support Poplog.
(See the "Prerequisites" listed below.)

The size includes various *.o and *.w files in pop11 src directories created
during system construction that could be deleted. Deleting the *.o and *.w files
saves about 8MB.

Installations with additional optional linux libraries may have significant
additional file store requirements. E.g. the linux lapack and blas linear
algebra libraries are required by the Poplog vision package summarised here:
https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/packages/packages/popvision/
(The documentation included in the 64 bit Poplog system may eventually be more
up to date.)

INSTALLERS VS USERS
After Poplog has been installed on a local machine or network with shared
filestore, individual users will need only startup scripts, not installation
scripts.

The following instructions are for a local Poplog system manager. They are also
relevant to users who manage personal machines and are both installers and users.

INFORMATION FOR END-USERS
Instructions for users after a full Poplog has been installed are below.

PREREQUISITES: INSTALL REQUIRED LINUX LIBRARIES/PACKAGES
Before installing Poplog, install linux libraries required as instructed in
http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/V16/required-packages.html

The instructions vary according to which version of Linux is being used.
The instructions also provide scripts to perform installation of linux libraries
required (which differ for different versions of linux/unix) before installing
Poplog.

For Poplog V16 there are also "combined" scripts, to (a) fetch and install
required linux libraries and then (b) download and install Poplog. This has not
yet been done for all versions of linux. (See the required packages above.)

Please send information about how to install the corresponding linux
packages on versions of linux not mentioned there to the pop-forum email list.

If you manage to get this running on a Windows PC with linux support please
consider submitting advice for others to follow.

INSTALLATION/SETUP SUMMARY
Poplog is location independent, e.g. it does not need to be installed in
standard linux directories, such as /usr/lib, /usr/lib64, /usr/bin etc., though
users may make use of those directories if they wish.

The instructions below assume that Poplog is installed in the directory
    /usr/local/poplog/V16
and 'unpacked' there.

If another directory is to be used (e.g. a user's own login directory) change
path names appropriately.

A linux (bash) script (getpoplog.sh, below) is provided that can be downloaded by
users and installed in any directory on the local machine.

When the script is run, it creates a new directory poplog_base and installs
poplog there.

The path name of that poplog_base directory will later be held in the linux
environment variable $usepop, from which all other pathnames required
for running Poplog can be derived.

On a shared workstation or server
Different users sharing the same machine can install Poplog at different locations,
though it is more efficient to share one installation of the Poplog system and have
different local libraries for each user. Different users will then use different lists
of path names for various parts of Poplog, e.g. different 'teach', 'help', 'ref' and
code library search lists, and different collections of saved images.

INSTALLING POPLOG using 'getpoplog.sh'
The installation process has several phases, previously requiring different user
actions, but now performed first by installing required linux libraries as specified
above, then fetching and running a single script, getpoplog.sh, which performs the Poplog
installation by downloading and running other scripts as needed.

There are also scripts to combine the two stages, on common versions of linux,
though not yet all.

GETPOPLOG.SH
The installation script 'getpoplog.sh' makes installing Poplog very simple (after the
system library requirements (above) have been satisfied).



WARNING (Modified 11 Mar 2023):

If you plan to install poplog on a version of linux with a kernel version that
is later than V5.6, please join the  mailing list and
send a message asking for help, referring to this note, and requesting advice
about how to modify the installation instructions, or whether modification is no
longer needed because the files and installation mechanisms have been updated.

You can get instructions for joining the mailing list by sending a message
to:

    pop-forum-request@cs.bham.ac.uk

Containing just one word:

    help

After joining the mailing list write to it (i.e. to 
quoting the warning, message above (if its still relevant), and ask for
advice. You can also use the list for making suggestions, responding to posts
by others, etc. At present (March 2023) traffic on the list is very low.



After installing OS-dependent packages, install Poplog thus:

-- Decide in which directory (private or shared) you would like to install Poplog,
e.g. in a shared directory such as
     /usr/local/poplog
or in a personal, private directory.

Download and run the getpoplog.sh script in that installation directory, to fetch
program and documentation files and then complete the installation, as explained
below. (But note the warning about kernel changes, in blue, above.)

-- Fetch the getpoplog.sh script (below) and make it executable (chmod)

(Note the point about the -nopie flag)

The 'master' installation script is available for download here:

    http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/V16/getpoplog.sh

The script can be viewed in a web browser here:
    http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/V16/getpoplog
    (Suggestions for improvement are welcome.)

To download it, do this in the chosen installation directory:
    wget http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/V16/getpoplog.sh

and make it executable, e.g.
    chmod 755 getpoplog.sh

NB
[These installation instructions may be revised later.]

Run it with or without the flag -nopie, depending whether you use a recent version of
linux, e.g. Arch, or recent ubuntu or debian, that does not allow "position independent
execution" (PIE). I.e.

    ./getpoplog.sh -nopie
or
    ./getpoplog.sh

If you don't know which one to use try the first version, which seems to be
what most recent versions of linux require, or tolerate.

If it reports a failure, delete the downloaded files and try the second version,
which is required for some of the newer linux releases. On Fedora it doesn't
seem to matter whether the flag is set or not.

Depending on your internet speed and the speed of your machine, the process may
take less than a minute, or a few minutes.

When it has completed it prints out the instructions below to set up local
search paths, etc.

Expert programmers should read the script first and report any obvious errors,
or lack of clarity!

   At present, the getpoplog.sh script fetches four installation files with
   different functions:

   -- http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/V16/DL/latest_poplog_base.tar.bz2
        (Provides the core Poplog files and installation scripts, mostly derived from
        the github Poplog site of Waldek Hebisch.)
   -- http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/V16/DL/docs.tar.bz2
        Essential Poplog user documentation not yet in the github package,
        copied from the Birmingham (UK!) Poplog installation.
   -- http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/packages-v16.tgz
        Various tutorial and application packages and additional documentation
        provided by past users and collected at Birmingham University.
   -- http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/V16/build_all.sh
        A script to use all the downloaded files to build a new Poplog installation.
        Previously build_all.csh.
        Now replaced by build_all.sh after correction of faulty version by Waldek Hebisch

-- getpoplog.sh downloads the above files to the current location, then creates the main
   installation directory poplog_base by untarring:
    http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/V16/DL/latest_poplog_base.tar.bz2
   The script continues by running build_all.sh in the poplog_base directory.
   It rebuilds the Poplog system downloaded from github, then uses the other tar
   files to install documentation files, the packages directory, and 'startup'
   information for local Poplog users (specifying the $usepop environment
   variable, and additional environment variables and local directories to be
   accessed by Poplog users.

-- A file USEPOP in poplog_base is created containing the main pathname needed later for the
   run_time environment variable $usepop, which specifies the root of the directory tree
   containing all the core Poplog program libraries, the editor, documentation files,
   executables, saved images. etc.
   The file is created by the installation process, in the poplog_base directory, by doing:

        cd poplog_base
        pwd > USEPOP

    If you use sh or bash you can later set $usepop with this command run in the
    poplog_base directory:
        export usepop=`cat USEPOP`

    csh/tcsh users can do this instead:
        setenv usepop `cat USEPOP`

    In both cases this should print out the full path name:
        echo $usepop

    If Poplog is installed at

        /usr/local/poplog/V16/

    then the 'echo $usepop' command, performed anywhere should
    print out
        /usr/local/poplog/v16/poplog_base

-- Once everything has been installed and $usepop set, a collection of required
   environment variables can be set up as follows (e.g. in the user's login script
   if Poplog is used regularly):

    sh/bash users
        source $usepop/pop/com/poplog.sh

    csh/tcsh users can do:
        source $usepop/pop/com/poplog.csh

IF YOU WISH TO USE POPLOG WITH MOTIF
Then make sure you have the linux motif (developer) libraries installed, included
in the prerequisite lists.

Then, after the above installation has been completed and you have set up the
$usepop environment variable, you can relink poplog with motif, using this
command:

    $usepop/pop/src/newpop -link -x=-xm -norsv

On a modern machine it should not take more than a few seconds.

HOW INSTALLATION WORKS:

-- After downloading the above 'install' script, build_all.sh, the installation
   script (getpoplog.sh) unpacks this previously downloaded file:

      http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/V16/DL/latest_poplog_base.tar.bz

   which prepares the system installation directory poplog_base described above,
   including Waldek's code for generating a working Poplog system.

-- To complete the installation, getpoplog.sh changes directory to poplog_base
    and in there runs the above build_all.sh script, which can be inspected in a web
    browser here:
     https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/V16/build_all

   The downloaded script must be run in the poplog_base directory.

   It first uses the Poplog program sources in a two stage process:

        build_pop0

   to create the 'bootstrap' corepop executable, which is then used in
        build_pop1

   to set up the rest of the core Poplog system, including creating the saved
   images that enable pop11, prolog, standard ML (pml), and Common Lisp (clisp)
   to be invoked by users.

   Then build_all creates two 'trace' files buildout1 and buildout2 recording all
   output created by running the build_pop0 and build_pop1 scripts. The trace files
   can be ignored, unless the installation does not work, in which case the files
   may provide essential clues regarding what went wrong.

   (These mechanisms were designed by Waldek Hebisch -- I have merely packaged
   them for users wanting a complete system.)

NOTE: Waldek provided user instructions for the final stage in a bash
build_all.sh script which I found could not be run by the main install script.

Neither could I run it manually after running getpoplog.sh. Instead I had to
'source' it when the getpoplog.sh had finished. I then found that if it was
translated to a .csh script, build_all.csh, mentioned above I could run that
script instead of sourcing it. The build_all.csh script is now run by the main
install script, getpoplog.sh, to automate the whole installation process.

Summary:
When run, the top-level 'getpoplog.sh' script, with or without '-nopie', downloads
several compressed tar files, including a core Poplog installation package
provided by Waldek Hebisch, based on his github site, plus several extensions
providing documentation and additional libraries, downloaded from the Birmingham
Poplog repository. Later it may be possible to fetch everything from github.

A directory poplog_base is created in the directory in which the download
script is run.

After installation (unpacking source files and running installation scripts) that
directory's path name must be assigned to the environment variable usepop
by all users wishing to run Poplog programs.

(Start-up scripts to be sourced by users can later do that assignment.)

Poplog experts with specific needs may wish to modify the commands suggested or
scripts provided, above.

NOTE:
Part of the download and installation will need to be repeated if a new version
of core Poplog with corrections or additions becomes available. It will be
available from github, for expert users. Others may wish to repeat this complete
installation with the new version, after saving any local additions.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

FURTHER INFORMATION ABOUT THE INSTALLED FILES
(For experts, local system-managers, or curious users.)

Reminder: the installation must be preceded by ensuring that required linux packages
are installed, namely those listed here:
    https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/V16/required-packages.html

The above installation instructions will download and use or install the
following Poplog files and installation scripts.

Poplog-specific tar files used for installation, downloaded by the above script are:
    The latest core Poplog package provided by Waldek Hebisch, currently:
    http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/V16/DL/latest_poplog_base.tar.bz2

    Includes a recent fix to sys_host_name.p (December 2019)

- Poplog documentation and tutorial files from Birmingham (and Sussex, earlier):
    http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/V16/DL/docs.tar.bz2
    (Later these may be included in an integrated package, perhaps on Github,
    simplifying installation.)

- The Poplog "packages" system from Birmingham, designed to be added to an
    installation of the core Poplog system, providing a collection of
    packages with teaching materials, utilities, specialist program
    libraries, and demonstrations.
    http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/packages-v16.tgz
    (Unwanted packages can be removed later. Users can add locally developed packages
    to the $usepop/pop/packages directory tree, following instructions included
    in the packages directory.

    This provides additional teaching and demonstration materials and task-specific
    libraries extending Poplog, organised as a collection of packages linked in a
    'super-package'. It may require reorganisation (and pruning?) later.

- The Poplog bash installation script with instructions provided by Waldek:
    https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/V16/build_pop.sh
    For some reason that script can only be 'sourced' not 'run' (on my machines),
    so it has been translated into a tcsh version
    https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/V16/build_pop.csh
    which is run by the main installation script 'getpoplog.sh'.

- Setup user environment variables
    Users of Poplog will need to define the environment variable
    usepop used during installation or when running of Poplog programs.
    Two shell scripts will be provided for that purpose, one for bash/sh users
    and one for tcsh/csh users.

    $usepop specifies the local path name of the top-level directory of a
    running Poplog system.
    E.g. if the instructions for download here are followed without change, $usepop
    could be
        /usr/local/poplog/V16/poplog_base

    Several other environment variables and commands used during installation
    and use of Poplog are based on $usepop, some explained below.

    There are also 'setup' commands including scripts setting up environment
    variables and path names used by  various portions of Poplog. Users need not
    know about them: they will be sourced by Poplog setup scripts.
    [NOTE THE NEED FOR SECURITY PRECAUTIONS, ESPECIALLY ON SHARED MACHINES
    Poplog probably needs a security project]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

INFORMATION FOR END-USERS
Once the environment variable $usepop bas been set up, using the file USEPOP,
all the derived environment variables can be set up in the individual's working
environment, as follows:

For bash or sh users:
    source $usepop/pop/com/poplog.sh

For tcsh or csh users:
    source $usepop/pop/com/poplog.csh

After that, Poplog commands will work from any directory (during that session),
e.g.

    pop11

    prolog

    clisp

    pml

and commands to create and use new Poplog saved images (in $usepop/pop/lib/psv
or a user directory) that can then be run by commands like
    pop11 +my-image


ADDITIONAL SCRIPTS:
There are additional scripts for building saved images, in the pop/com
subdirectory, starting with 'mk'. Please read them carefully before running them
to make sure you are getting what you want.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 BRIEF TESTS AFTER INSTALLATION:

Try running

    basepop11

It should print out something like:

    Sussex Poplog (Version 16.0 Tue  3 Dec 00:31:55 GMT 2019)
    Copyright (c) 1982-1999 University of Sussex. All rights reserved.

Try:

    3 + 6 =>

    sqrt(2) =>

(The numerical resolution used, and the printing resolution can be
changed.)

    vars list;
    [The girl had learnt Pop11] matches [The girl ??list] =>

should print out
    ** <true>

    list =>

should print out
    ** [had learnt Pop11]

Exit Poplog using CTRL-D


ALTER POPSITENAME IF VED IS TO BE USE FOR MAIL
Change the pop11 variable popsitename if you expect to use the Poplog editor Ved
to read and send email message.

After the packages directory has been installed as above, this file should be
edited, or a local version provided in a local library that will take precedence
over the shared libraries:

In this file (or a 'local' copy):

        $usepop/pop/packages/vedmail/auto/popsitename.p

    Replace the line

        popsitename = '@cs.bham.ac.uk';

    with the domain of your email address, e.g. if you intend to use Ved the
    Poplog editor to insert the address automatically, e.g. when composing email messages.

Vision and Neural Packages
    NB the Vision and Neural packages contain C code libraries that will
    need to be rebuilt for 64 bit Poplog. Waldek Hebisch has provided
    instructions that are included in README files for each of those
    packages.
    notes-on-neural-and-vision-libraries.html

POPLOG USER INITIALISATION DIRECTORY $poplib

Users can create their own Poplog-startup files in a directory whose name is assigned
to the environment variable $poplib (which can be different for different users, or
different projects using Poplog).

If you have set up a Poplog initialisation directory in your home directory,
e.g.
    ~/Poplib/
    containing files:
        init.p (for setting up libraries to be used)
        vedinit.p (for setting up ved/xved editor preferences

    They will be compiled when basepop11 (or one of its derivatives
    e.g. pop11, prolog, clisp, pml) starts up

    You can now try giving pop11 commands, or running the editor Ved.

Learning Pop11

    People who are unfamiliar with Pop11 should read the Primer:

    https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/primer/

There are also some online pop11 tutorials some mentioned above, including
    http://www.math.uni.wroc.pl/~p-wyk4/pop11_en/

More online information

Experts can do a lot of tailoring and 'setting up' in the initialisation
files for the editor and sub-languages.

SAMPLE SETUP DEFAULTS
Sample (possibly out of date, alas) setup defaults can be found in

    $usepop/pop/packages/setup/Poplib

More information (partly out of date in Poplog V16) is in

    $usepop/pop/packages/setup/AREADME
Internet searches will provide additional Pop11 tutorial information, including:

TESTING THE DEFAULT INSTALLED SAVED IMAGES

Try these one word linux commands to invoke Poplog in different ways:

    pop11
    ved
        (starts pop11 in the editor, ved)
    prolog
    clisp
        (common lisp)
    pml
        (poplog standard ml)

Warning: if you are already a Poplog user and have a startup directory
    $poplib
    (e.g. ~/Poplib)

the relevant files in there will be compiled, e.g. init.p vedinit.p

More detailed documentation is part of the Birmingham Poplog web site:

    http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/freepoplog.html
    http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/poplog.info.html

and additional files referenced in those. All of this needs to be
cleaned up and brought up to date.

In order to ask for help, or report problems (or successes) you can join the
pop-forum email list, as explained below.

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A SUBSET OF ONLINE POPLOG INFORMATION SOURCES

Alan Ramsay (1984)
The POPLOG program development system, in Microprocessors and Microsystems, Vol 8, Issue 7,
September 1984, Pages 368-373
    Allan Ramsay describes an AI programming environment that supports
    three different languages with almost equal commitment
    https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-9331(84)90253-9
    (Written before ML was added to Poplog)

Anthony Worrall's Poplog help site
Anthony Worrall has an online Poplog help directory at Reading University:
    http://www.poplog.cs.reading.ac.uk/popbook/

Contributions by Robin Popplestone
    Added: 10 Dec 2019 (Updated 4 Jan 2020)
Robin Popplestone developed some of the key ideas in Poplog in his early work, described in
http://www-robotics.cs.umass.edu/Popplestone/pop_development.html
    The Early Development of POP

The ideas were later expanded while he was in Edinburgh, and implemented in the Edinburgh AI
language Pop-2.
    https://www.cs.utexas.edu/~moore/best-ideas/pltp/POP-2-Reference-Manual.pdf
    R.M. Burstall, R.J. Popplestone
After he moved to the University of Massachusetts at Amherst he continued contributing
ideas and code to the developers at Sussex University, including his implementation of
Scheme in Pop-11, available here in two formats, one for Linux and one for Windows:
    http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/Scheme.tar.gz
    http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/Scheme.zip
    [I don't know when they were last tested.]

His online (unfinished) book describing programming paradigms, using examples
from Pop-11 is available here:

    http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/popbook
     Paradigms of Programming

For more information on some of the teaching materials and demos in Poplog
search:

   http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/freepoplog.html
   http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/poplog.info.html

David Young has provided the following reference:
R. J. Popplestone: The Design Philosophy of POP-2. in: D. Michie:
Machine Intelligence 3 Edinburgh University Press, 1968
Cited https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-class_citizen
which contains this excerpt:

    * All items can be the actual parameters of functions
    * All items can be returned as results of functions
    * All items can be the subject of assignment statements
    * All items can be tested for equality.

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TO BE ADDED:
    Comments on Poplog graphical facilities
    Links to more examples/demonstrations
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PARTIAL HISTORY OF POPLOG
Background information on Poplog and its history can be found in these
messy, partly out of date, files:
https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/history/
https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/isl-docs
https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/freepoplog.html
https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/poplog.info.html

SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION (e.g. porting or rebuilding Poplog)
https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/poplog/sysdoc

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JOINING POP-FORUM
Anyone wishing to ask questions or contribute additional material should
join the pop-forum mailing list:

     mailto:pop-forum-request@cs.bham.ac.uk?subject=subscribe

Additional information may be provided here later about Github-based work
on porting or extending Poplog. (Poplog on ARM could be particularly
valuable in education. )

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Please report problems to the pop_forum list, or, as a last resort, to:
   Aaron Sloman
   a.sloman[at]cs.bham.ac.uk
   http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~axs
   (who may or may not still be available to answer questions)
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